Twin Springs Allotment CE: Field Notes with Photos

Appendix A: TWIN SPRINGS ALLOTMENT Photo Field Notes-- Manti-La Sal National Forest

Date	Location	GPS	Photo #	Description
Oct 8 2005 (DK)	Boundary of Bears Ears and Twin Springs Allotment	4166700 601200	1603	Beyond fence is Twin Springs Allotment
		4167300 601400	1606	Twin Springs Allotment taken from a cattle guard on Elk Ridge Road at turnoff to Woodenshoe Point
	Forest Road 340 on way to Woodenshoe Point	595146 4170542	1608	Denuded spring
		594970 4170709	1609	Another spring, originates to the right
		595095 4171393	1616	Another spring near Forest Road 340
		595029 4171424	1617	Another spring
		595513 4170029	1638	Small meadow to the east of the road, below a cattle trough in background
		595100 4182050	1644	Incised creekbed, downstream from Cooper Spring
			1645
Sept. 4 2005 (MOB)	Just off Bears Ears Road on Short Point	0599825 4163444	1854 1855	Serviceberry browsed w/ no grass component -- bare earth. But no grasses under shrubs or trees
		8,088' 0599968 4163262	1857	Browsed serviceberry w/ cow patty -- serviceberry is elected against in pinyon-juniper because it is preferred forage
			1858	Short grazed grass
		0600002 4163181	1859	Consistently bare ground; one scarlet gilia within a shrub.
		0600075 4162788	1860	Bulldozed pond on Short Point: Dry. Prostate knotweed & red stem filaree on pond bottom (common invasive plants) D ense sagebrush at edge. Moss under trees, lichens inside P-J where cattle don't graze. Cliffrose and snowberry where sagebrush too dense for cattle.
	Twin Springs	0598774 4170137	1861	Eutrophied pond, lower of the Twin Springs.
			1862	Intermediate wheatgrass planted ; timothy, orchard grass; few forbs: Achillea, an aster, dandelion, gooseberry. Compacted ground around the pond; areas where prostrate knotweed
			1864	Small frogs w/ 2 red lines vertically down their backs at the sides
			1866	Exotic grasses surround the pond: Intermediate wheatgrass, orchardgrass, smooth brome, "redtop" Agrostis (?)
			1868	Compacted soil at west side of pond
			1869	Pounded area N of pond
		8,545' 0598807 4170167	1870 1871	Incised inlet N end of spring -- just beyond fence -- 3 ½ - 4'
			1872	Willow on the right being isolated from creek; creek is losing structural integrity
			1874	Trampled spring water barely flowing into the pond below
			1875
	The second pond at Twin Springs	8,581' 0598812 4170240	1877	The upper pond of Twin Springs. One frog seen, while dozens in the lower pond
			1879	Spring piped for pond; riparian area eliminated around the spring.
			1880	Dead willows, west side of upper pond
			1881	Dewatered wetlands -- willows dead, aspen falling down
			1882	Willows are browsed as they try to come back
	Upstream of Twin Springs	0598795 4170272	1883 1884 1885 1887 1888	The gooseberry cut and sprayed
				Many were treated with herbicide, cut shrubs
			1890 1891	Newly-dying willows. Dying this year

			1892	Dying willows looking south Looking south
			1893	Close up pf dying willows
	Going up stream	0598796 4170310	1894	Dead willows
		8,630' 0598820 4170419	1897	Willows dying
			1898 1900	Mechanical cut of gooseberry. Horse poop in the swale. Hear horses upstream
		8,644' 059825 4170506	1901 1902 1904	Another trough bathtub---log---beat out area
	Further up from Twin Springs	8,735' 0598783 4170609	1905	Willows and aspen dying in swale; Gooseberry lopped off
			1906	Willows being browsed as they try to resprout
		Approx. 0598774 4170137	1908	2 locks -- 1 FS, 1 presumably permittee -- at lower pond
	Caprock area up Road ___	8,586' 0598544 4170135	1911	Bitterbrush browsed to ~3"---all browsed
			1912	Pedestaled bunchgrass with moss in the tuft- bare ground surrounding
			1913	Cow patties on the cap rock
			1914	Intermediate wheatgrass planting
			1915	Old snowberry pedestaled -- only a few leaves
			1916	So little soil, still grazing---pedestaled bunchgrass
			1917	Ky bluegrass. All shrubs heavily, heavily browsed
	Aspen stand	8,589' 0598495 4170436	1919	Aspen stand w/ ponderosa in it---essentially no recruitment
			1920	Browsed aspen and Kentucky bluegrass
			1921	Aspen stand -- no recruitment. Practically no forbs. Snowberry essentially the only shrub
			1922	Aspen repeatedly browsed -- 3" high
	Across from the horse-grazed aspen, in the P-pine	8,588' 0598371 4170399	1925	Cow patties outside the aspen stand
			1926	Bare dirt, logged P-pine, cow patties. Almost exclusively exotics: Kentucky bluegrass, bulbous bluegrass, timothy, smooth brome
			1927	Aspen stand thin, scattered w/ P-pine
			1928	Bare ground in aspen grove---mostly only snowberry. Occasional squirreltail
			1929	Bare Ground in aspen stand. Logging of P-pine---leaving essentially no down wood
			1930	Intermediate wheatgrass seeding in aspen stand. Timothy and smooth brome also in the aspen stand Few other species in the stand.
		8,630' 0598183 4170496	1931	Check dam cowed out and stinky. Mosquito larvae
		0598067 4170498	1932 1933	Cows up road, grazing in a mostly bare area, an old landing. Early crested wheatgrass
			1934	Bunchgrass clipped to ~1" , leaving seeded grasses less grazed
	Cattle in a burn	8,736' 0597705 4171689	1936	Downslope in recent burn
			1937	Eroded slope (burn)
			1938 1939 1940	Cows in burn -- Ground about 80% bare
			1941	Browsed grass on bare, eroding slopes
			1942	Cows in the burn area
			1945	Cow patties on bare ground.
	Sagebrush slope further down the road	8,192' 0598534 4172890	1946	Cows in sagebrush
			1947	Bare areas. with cow patty
			1948	Close-cropped grass. Ky bluegrass, crested at 4"
			1949	Eroding slope
			1950	Cows
1951			Clipboard over 7" gully
1952			Grass component grazed out in sagebrush
1953			Crested wheatgrass basically surviving only under sagebrush
1954			Gambel oak surviving mainly only in sagebrush or under juniper. Gambel oak is heavily browsed
Further down the road	8,189' 0598254 4172972	1958 1964	Numerous cattle nearly at sunset, at edge of burn. Cows grazing on red clay slopes that have burned. Grasses ~1"-2" tall; sagebrush burned; beat out under ponderosa pine
Sept 5	Burn out on road to Woodenshoe Point (MOB)	8,258' 0595848 4171342	1959 1972	Grasses mowed down in burned area
			1960	Gambel oak browsed -- not much forage here aside from grasses
			1961 1962 1965 1966 1967 1974	Grasses mowed---essentially no grass seed heads except on squirrel tail, which isn't being eaten
			1970 1973 1976	Gambels oak browsed m
			1975	Squirreltail not being eaten
			1977	8" -- 9" bitterbrush old
	Woodenshoe Point	8,364' 0595338 4172244	1982	Bitterbrush 3" tall (tallest 5) Serviceberry ~ 11" browsed Grasses 2-3 ½ " tall
		8,422 0595386 4172325	1983	Grass seed heads 21" where rockier and down among brush
	Across from burn in P-pine Forest		1985	Serviceberry browsed way back; serviceberry leaves seeing only inside browsed twigs. Grazing grasses to 1-2".